One Nation, One Election is a proposed reform to conduct Lok Sabha and state assembly elections simultaneously across India. This will reduce the frequency of elections, lower administrative costs, and minimize disruptions caused by the Model Code of Conduct, allowing uninterrupted governance.

The key benefits include cost savings, improved policy continuity, and reduced election fatigue among voters and political parties. It will also allow governments to focus more on governance rather than being in constant election mode.

Major challenges include constitutional amendments, logistical arrangements, synchronization of voter lists, and addressing concerns of regional parties. Ensuring fair representation and maintaining the federal structure of the country will be crucial for smooth implementation.

Some regional parties fear that national issues may overshadow local concerns during synchronized elections. However, proponents argue that a unified election cycle will encourage balanced policymaking and allow regional parties to strengthen their outreach through focused campaigns.